| 1. | Most wto members keep their own safeguards regulations basically comply with agreement on safeguards
Wto成员的国内保障措施立法基本上与《保障措施协定》保持一致。 |
| 2. | The main regulations of safeguard measures include article xxi of gatt1994 and agreement on safeguards
保障措施制度的法律渊源主要是gatt1994第19条和《保障措施协定》 。 |
| 3. | At the same time wto agreement on safeguards establishes strict provisions for implementing and procedural conditions to guide the application of member states
同时， wto保障措施协议也规定了严格的实体规则和程序规则，规范各国的保障措施实践，以使保障措施不被滥用。 |
| 4. | In case of sharp increase of import causing the serious injure or the threatening of serious injure on the domestic industry , wto members can invoke the emergency actions according to gatt xix and wto agreement on safeguards
在因进口剧增而造成的国内产业的严重损害或严重损害威胁的情况下， wto成员方可以援引gatt第19条和wto 《保障措施协定》来实施保障措施。 |
| 5. | However , " unforeseen developments " clause under article xix of gatt has not been included within the provisions of the agreement on safeguards . therefore , there are positive and negative claims about the application of conditions of safeguards
由于gatt第19条的“未预见的发展”在《保障措施协议》中并没有规定，因此，就保障措施的实施条件形成了“肯定说”和“否定说”两种主张。 |
| 6. | The international lawful origins of the safeguard measures are the article xix in 《 gatt 1994 》 and the agreement on safeguards , while the domestic origin differs from each other , the lawful base is the rebus sic standibus of international agreement law
保障措施的国际法渊源是《 gatf1994 》第19条及wto 《保障措施协议》 ，而国内法渊源各国不同；其法理基础是国际条约法上的情势变迁原则。 |
| 7. | Safeguard measure regime includes " transitional product - specific safeguard mechanism which against china , the special transitional safeguard mechanism in the 《 textile and clothing agreement 》 and the special safeguard item in the 《 agreement on agriculture 》 , while the core of it is the 《 agreement on safeguards 》 , the implementing conditions within the " transitional product - specific safeguard mechanism " include " market disruption " and " trade diversion " which is caused by the market disruption , these condition low down the implementing threshold of the safeguards
保障措施制度以《保障措施协议》为核心，还包括针对我国的“特定产品过渡性保障机制” 、 《纺织品和服装协议》中的“特别过渡性保障机制”及《农业协议》中的“特殊保障条款” 。其中，针对我国的“特定产品过渡性保障机制”规定保障措施的实施条件为“市场扰乱”及因市场扰乱而导致的“贸易转移” ，这大大降低了实施门槛。 |
| 8. | Three entity conditions to use the measures are stipulated in the article xix in 《 gatt1994 》 and in agreement on safeguards : the increasing in the imported quantity , causing to or threatening to cause the serious injury to the domestic industry and the causal link between the increasing in imported quantity and the industry injury
《 gatt1994 》第19条和《保障措施协议》规定了实施保障措施的三个实体条件，一是进口增加，二是产业严重损害或严重损害威胁，三是进口增加与产业损害三者的因果关系。 |
| 9. | In the first and second parts of this discourse , the author introduces various safeguards mechanism in intensive and extensive definition under wto frame and discloses the evolvement of the implementation manners of safeguards and relative legislations of different countries . then , the author makes an analysis on the disadvantages in the agreement on safeguards
本文首先在一、二部分介绍了wto框架下广义与狭义的各种保障机制，并从历史沿革的角度阐述了保障措施实施方式在国际贸易舞台上的演变以及各国的相关立法，然后分析了wto 《保障措施协定》在实施方式的不足之处。 |
| 10. | This dissertation includes the following parts : preface is a retrospective exhibition of the history and development of safeguards regime in gatt / wto system . part one literally elaborates the specific rules of safeguards regime , especially article xix of gatt1994 and agreement on safeguards , which lays a foundation for the whole discussion . part two focuses on the comparative analysis of safeguard measures and anti - dumping measures , which become the most favorite protection instruments recently and have many common grounds
本文以《保障措施协议》为主线，从回顾gatt / wto保障措施制度的历史发展展开分析，阐述了保障措施制度的主要内容及其适用特点（主要是与反倾销措施相比较） ，并对援引保障措施的案例统计资料和各国典型的国内保障措施立法进行了分析评价。 |
